Improving Health Well-Being, and Stability Research
U.S. Housing Insecurity and the Health of Very Young Children
Diana Becker Cutts, Alan F. Meyers, Maureen M. Black, Patrick H. Casey, Mariana Chilton, John T. Cook, Joni Geppert, Stephanie Ettinger de Cuba, Timothy Heeren, Sharon Coleman, Ruth Rose-Jacobs, and Deborah A. Frank
August 2011
This study investigated the association between housing insecurity and the health of very young children. Researchers assessed food insecurity, child health status, developmental risk, weight, and housing insecurity for each child's household. Indicators for housing insecurity were crowding and multiple moves...
Health Behaviors and Infant Health Outcomes in Homeless Pregnant Women in The United States
Rickelle Richards, Ray M. Merrill, and Laurie Baksh
August 2011
The objective of this study is to describe select demographics, maternal health behaviors before, during, and after pregnancy, and infant health outcomes among homeless women in the United States. Analyses are based on Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System data from 31 participating states...
The Impact of Shelter Use and Housing Placement on Mortality Hazard for Unaccompanied Adults and Adults in Family Households Entering New York City Shelters: 1990-2002
Stephen Metraux, Nicholas Eng, Jay Bainbridge, and Dennis Culhane
August 2011
This study examines mortality among New York City (NYC) homeless shelter users, assessing the relationships between mortality hazard and time in shelter, patterns of homelessness, and subsequent housing exits for both adults in families and single adults...
Applying the Chronic Care Model to Homeless Veterans: Effect of a Population Approach to Primary Care on Utilization and Clinical Outcomes
Thomas P. O'Toole, Lauren Buckel, Claire Bourgault, Jonathan Blumen, Stephen G. Redihan, Lan Jiang, and Peter Friedmann
December 2010
This study compared a population-tailored approach to primary care for homeless veterans with an usual care approach. Researchers conducted a retrospective prolective cohort study of homeless veterans enrolled in a population-tailored primary care clinic matched to a historical sample in general internal medicine clinics...
Associations of Housing Status with Substance Abuse Treatments and Service Use Outcomes Among Veterans
Jonathan R. Buchholz, Carol A. Malte, Donald A. Calsyn, John S. Baer, Paul Nichol, Daniel R. Kivlahan, Ryan M. Caldeiro and Andrew J. Saxon
July 2010
This secondary analysis evaluated the prevalence and stability of homelessness over one year among veterans entering substance abuse treatment and explored associations among housing status, treatment outcomes, and Veterans Affairs (VA) service utilization...
Effective Interventions for Homeless Youth
Astrid M. Altena, Sonja N. Brilleslijper-Kater and Judith R.L.M. Wolf
June 2010
To date, there has not been clear evidence regarding interventions that are effective in addressing the specific needs of homeless youth. A systematic and comprehensive international review on effective interventions for homeless youth is presented. This study seeks to provide an accurate and complete picture of ...
Homeless Children: Update on Research, Policy, Programs, and Opportunities
Judith Samuels, Marybeth Shinn, and John C. Buckner
May 2010
This paper provides an update on the research, policy, laws, and funding for programs and services for children who are homeless in the United States. Education, health, and mental health for homeless children are examined. Homeless children here refers to minor children accompanying their parent(s)/guardian(s) during a homeless ...
Effect of Full-Service Patnerships on Homelessness, Use and Costs of Mental Health Services, and Quality of Life among Adults with Serious Mental Illness
Sam Tsemberis
2010
Chronically homeless adults with severe mental illness are heavy users of costly inpatient and emergency psychiatric services. Full-service partnerships (FSPs) provide housing and engage clients in treatment....
The Effects of HIV Stigma on Health, Disclosure of Health Status, and Risk Behavior of Homeless and Unstably Housed Persons Living with HIV
Richard J. Wolitski, Sherri L. Pals, Daniel P. Kidder, Cari Courtenay-Quirk and David R. Holtgrave
December 2009
HIV-related stigma negatively affects the lives of persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Homeless/unstably housed PLWHA experience myriad challenges and may be particularly vulnerable to the effects of HIV related stigma. Homeless/unstably housed PLWHA from 3 U.S. cities (N = ...
Associations Between Substance Use, Sexual Risk Taking and HIV Treatment Adherence Among Homeless People Living With HIV
Mark S. Friedman, Michael P. Marshal, Ron Stall, Daniel P. Kidder, Kirk D. Henny, Cari Courtenay-Quirk, Study Group The Project START, Angela Aidala, Scott Royal, and David R. Holtgrave
June 2009
Prior research suggests that the interconnections between substance use, HIV risk, and lack of adherence to HIV medications are especially strong among homeless individuals. The objectives of ...
Behavioral Health/Primary Care Integration and the Person-Centered Healthcare Home
Barbara J. Mauer
April 2009
People living with serious mental illnesses are dying 25 year earlier than the rest of the population, in large part due to unmanaged physical health conditions. To address the gap in current thinking...
Factors Associated With Adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Homeless or Unstably Housed Adults Living With HIV
Scott W. Royal, Daniel P. Kidder, Satyendra Patrabansha, Richard J. Wolitski, David R. Holtgrave, Angela Aidala, Sherri Pals, and Ron Stall
April 2009
The purpose of the study is to investigate adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) who are homeless or unstably housed. Using baseline data and controlling for gender, race, age, ...
Housing Status and HIV Risk Behaviors Among Homeless and Housed Persons with HIV
Daniel P. Kidder, Richard J. Wolitski, Sherri L. Pals, and Michael L. Campsmith
December 2008
The purpose of this study was to compare drug, alcohol, and sexual HIV transmission risk behaviors of homeless and housed people living with HIV/AIDS. D ata were compiled from 8,075 respondents in a cross-sectional, multi-site behavioral survey of adults recently reported to have HIV infection. At ...
Effective Teaching and At Risk/Highly Mobile Students: What Do Award Winning Teachers Do?
Leslie Grant, James H. Stronge, and Patricia Popp
May 2008
This study was designed jointly between the National Center for Homeless Education (NCHE) and researchers at The College of William and Mary. The project was funded through NCHE and was designed to explore a critical factor in working with at-risk/highly mobile students – the teacher. The researchers on this team had prior ...
Rates and Risk Factors for Homelessness after Successful Housing in a sample of Formerly Homeless Veterans
Maria J. O'Connell, Wesley Kasprow and Robert A. Rosenheck
March 2008
Research suggests that subsidized housing combined with mental health services may be an effective intervention for successfully placing individuals who have a mental illness and a history of homelessness into community housing. However, there is limited longitudinal information available...
Health Status, Health Care Use, Medication Use, and Medication Adherence Among Homeless and Housed People Living with HIV/AIDS
Daniel P. Kidder, Richard J. Wolitski, Michael L. Campsmith, and Glenn V. Nakamura
December 2007
The purpose of the study was to compare health status, health care use, HIV antiretroviral medication use, and HIV medication adherence among homeless and housed people with HIV/AIDS. Data were obtained from a cross-sectional, multisite behavioral survey of adults (N=7,925) recently ...
Physical and Sexual Abuse Among Homeless Adults Living With HIV: Prevalence and Associated Risks
Kirk D. Henny, Daniel P. Kidder, Ron Stall and Richard J. Wolitski
November 2007
The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and risks associated with interpersonal (physical and sexual) abuse among HIV-seropositive homeless or unstably housed adults. Data were obtained from the Housing and Health Study of participants living in Baltimore, Chicago, and Los Angeles ...
Access to Housing as a Structural Intervention for Homeless and Unstably Housed People Living With HIV: Rationale, Methods, and Implementation of the Housing and Health Study
Daniel P. Kidder, Richard J. Wolitski, Scott Royal, Angela Aidala, Cari Courtenay-Quirk, David R. Holtgrave, David Harre, Esther Sumartojo, and Ron Stall
November 2007
Homelessness and unstable housing have been associated with HIV risk behavior and poorer health among persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), yet prior research has not tested causal associations. This paper describes the ...
Moving from Fact to Policy: Housing is HIV Prevention and Health Care
Virginia Shubert and Nancy Bernstine
November 2007
A growing body of empirical evidence shows strong correlations between improved housing status and reduced HIV risk behaviors, improved access to health care for persons living with HIV/AIDS, and better health outcomes...
Housing Need, Housing Assistance, and Connection to HIV Medical Care
Angela A. Aidala, Gunjeong Lee, David M. Abramson, Peter Messeri and Anne Siegler
November 2007
HIV infection has become a chronic condition that for most persons can be effectively managed with regular monitoring and appropriate medical care. However, many HIV positive persons remain unconnected to medical care...
HIV, Homelessness, and Public Health: Critical Issues and a Call for Increased Action
Richard J. Wolitski, Daniel P. Kidder and Kevin A. Fenton
November 2007
Homelessness and housing instability are significant public health issues that increase the risks of HIV acquisition and transmission and adversely affect the health of people living with HIV. This article highlights...
HIV and Housing Assistance in Four U.S. Cities: Variations in Local Experience
Alison Scott, Jonathan Ellen, Gretchen Clum and Lori Leonard
November 2007
This paper provides an account of how young, HIV-positive women manage their lives on limited budgets in four United States cities: New York City, New Orleans, Miami, and Chicago...
A Look at Child Welfare From a Homeless Education Perspective
Jan Moore
Fall 2007
More and more frequently, local homeless education liaisons are asked to determine whether students involved with the child welfare system are eligible for services under the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act and, if so, how to serve them appropriately. Although the confusion of navigating the child welfare system can deter local liaisons from their task, the ...
The Unique Impact of Out-of-Home Placement and the Mediating Effects of Child Maltreatment and Homelessness on Early School Success
John Fantuzzo and Staci Perlman
July 2007
Increased national attention has underscored the importance of promoting educational well-being for children who have been placed in out-of-home care. This study, informed by a developmental epidemiology framework, examined the unique impact of out-of-home placement and the mediating effects of child maltreatment and homelessness on the academic ...
The Effectiveness of Assertive Community Treatment for Homeless Populations with Severe Mental Illness
Craig M. Coldwell and William S. Bender
March 2007
The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of assertive community treatment in the rehabilitation of homeless persons with severe mental illness using a meta-analysis. A structured literature search identified...
Treating Homeless Clients with Severe Mental Illness, Substance Use Disorders
Gary A. Morse, Robert J. Calsyn, W. Dean Klinkenberg, Thomas W. Helminiak, Nancy Wolff, Robert E. Drake, Robert D. Yonker, Gyanesh Lama, Matthew R. Lemming and Suzanne McCudden
August 2006
This study compares the costs and outcomes associated with three treatment programs that served 149 individuals with dual disorders (i.e., individuals with co-occurring severe mental illness and substance ...
Comparison of ACT and Standard Case Management For Delivering Integrated Treatment For Co-Occurring Disorders
Susan M. Essock, Kim T. Mueser, Robert E. Drake, Nancy H. Covell, Gregory J. McHugo, Linda K. Frisman, Nina J. Kontos, Carlos T. Jackson, Flora Townsend, and Karin Swain
February 2006
Clients with co-occurring severe mental and substance use disorders are at high risk of institutionalization and other adverse outcomes. Although integrated mental health and substance abuse treatment is ...
Collaborations of Schools and Social Service Agencies
Jan Moore
December 2005
In the past two decades, there has been a dramatic rise in the number of homeless students enrolled in US schools. Overwhelmed school personnel lack adequate resources and skills to successfully address the myriad of challenges – especially those outside the scope of academics – faced by homeless children. Issues like hunger, inadequate housing, poor ...
The Experience of Violence in the Lives of Homeless Women: A Research Report
Jana L. Jasinski, Jennifer K. Wesely, Elizabeth Mustaine, and James D. Wright
November 2005
Studies investigating the experience of violence by homeless women date to the mid 1980’s, but most prior research has been more concerned with establishing the face of violence committed against these women than in exploring the risk factors responsible for it. This multi-site statewide study ...
Unmet Need for Medical Care among Homeless Adults with Serious Mental Illness
Mayur M. Desai and Robert A. Rosenheck
November 2005
The objective of this study was to determine the rates and predictors of unmet medical needs among homeless adults with serious mental illness entering a community-based case management program and those of receipt of medical care in the subsequent 3-month period...
An Exploration of Child Maltreatment Among Homeless Families: Implications For Family Policy
John T. Pardeck
May 2005
This research explores the incidence of child maltreatment among homeless families. The maltreatment explored in the study includes physical, emotional and sexual abuse. The data reported a high incidence of child maltreatment in the lives of the homeless. The policy ...
Perceived Reasons For Loss of Housing and Continued Homelessness Among Homeless Persons With Mental Illness
Ramin Mojtabai
February 2005
The objective of this study was to examine the reasons for the most recent loss of housing and for continued homelessness as perceived by homeless persons with mental illness. A total of 2,974 currently homeless participants in the 1996 National Survey of Homeless Assistance Providers and Clients (NSHAPC) were asked about the reasons for their most recent ...
A Modified Therapeutic Community for Homeless Persons in a Shelter: An Outcome Study
Darren C. Skinner
January 2005
This article reports on a study conducted to determine the effectiveness of a modified therapeutic community (MTC) shelter on client outcomes. The seven-study hypotheses focused on whether greater effectiveness in the MTC would be demonstrated in longer periods of sobriety, fewer days of...
Using Medicaid to Support Working-Age Adults with Serious Mental Illnesses in the Community
Gary Smith, Cille Kennedy, Sarah Knipper, John O'Brien and Janet O'Keeffe
January 2005
This Handbook is designed to improve understanding and provide greater clarity concerning Medicaid’s contribution in supporting working-age adults with serious mental illnesses in the community. The Handbook focuses on working age adults between the ages of 21 and 64 with serious mental illnesses...
HIV Testing and Receipt of Test Results among Homeless Persons with Serious Mental Illness
Mayur M. Desai and Robert A. Rosenheck
December 2004
The purpose of this study was to determine the rates and predictors of HIV testing and receipt of results among homeless adults with serious mental illness in the initial 3-month period after contact with a community-based case management program...
Outcomes of Supported Housing among Homeless Veterans with Serious Mental Illness
Alvin S. Mares, Wesley J. Kasprow and Robert A. Rosenheck
December 2004
This study examines the effect of previous participation in time limited residential treatment and other factors on treatment outcomes among homeless veterans with serious mental illness placed into permanent supported housing...
Long-Term Effectiveness of the ACCESS Program
Aileen B. Rothbard, So-Young Min, Eri Kuno and Yin-Ling Irene Wong
October 2004
This study examined the long-term effectiveness of the Access to Community Care and Effective Services and Supports (ACCESS) project on service utilization and continuity of care among homeless persons with serious mental illness. A 3-year longitudinal analysis, using Medicaid claims data, tracked behavioral ...
Housing Characteristics and Adequacy of the Physical Care of Children
Joy Swanson Ernst, Megan Meyer and Diane DePanfilis
September 2004
This study explored the relationship between housing conditions and the adequacy of the physical care of children. The sample included 106 caregivers who were participating in a neglect prevention demonstration project in a low-income, inner-city neighborhood. Children who lived with caregivers who had unsafe housing ...
One-Year Housing Arrangements among Homeless Adults with Serious Mental Illness in the ACCESS Program
Alvin S. Mares and Robert A. Rosenheck
May 2004
This study examined the various living arrangements among formerly homeless adults with mental illness 12 months after they entered case management. The study surveyed 5,325 clients who received intensive case management services in the Access to Community Care and Effective Services and Supports (ACCESS) program....
Reaching the Hard to Reach
Jamie Van Leeuwen
2004
This article features three housing programs designed to target the needs of youth aging out of child welfare. One program combines housing and treatment to move substance-dependent youth off the streets; one combines the resources of Urban Peak, the only licensed homeless and runaway youth shelter in Colorado...
Outcomes of shelter use among Homeless Persons with Serious Mental Illness
So-Young Min
2004
The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which the use of case management services predicted public shelter use among homeless persons with serious mental illness after the termination of Access to Community Care and Effective Services and Supports (ACCESS), a five-year outreach and case management program...
Increasing School Stability for Students experiencing Homelessness: overcoming challenges to providing transportation to the school of origin
Diana Bowman
2004
Underscoring the importance of school stability for children and youth experiencing homelessness, the McKinney-Vento Homeless Education Assistance Act, reauthorized as Title X, Part C, of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, requires that school districts provide transportation to enable children and youth to remain in their school of origin...
School stability and school performance: a review of the literature
Beth Garriss Hardy
2004
While the topic of student mobility and its effects on school performance is of growing concern to educational researchers and practitioners, there remains a notable lack of rigorous scientific inquiry in this arena. A review of the literature reveals...
Evaluation of the Family Self-Sufficiency Program: Retrospective Analysis: 1996 - 2000
Robert C. Ficke
2004
To break the cycle of reliance of government assistance, HUD’s legislation includes a requirement that most public housing authorities (PHAs) offering the Housing Choice Voucher program develop action plans promoting family self-sufficiency (FSS) for client families...
Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection among a sample of Homeless Veterans
Rani A. Desai, Robert A. Rosenheck and Vincent Agnello
July 2003
This study measures the prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection in a sample of homeless veterans treated in a Domiciliary Care for Homeless Veterans (DCHV) program in Massachusetts. The study also examines risk factors and correlates for HCV infection, including substance abuse and service in Vietnam...
Sexual Abuse Among Homeless Adolescents: Prevalence, Correlates, and Sequelae
Jody M. Greene, Rebecca Sanchez, Jennifer Manlove, Elizabeth Terry-Humen, Sharon Vandivere, Richard Wertheimer, Stephanie Williams, Jonathan Zaff, and Christopher L. Ringwalt
November 2002
Over the past two decades, there has been increasing recognition that runaway and homeless youth constitute a vulnerable population that faces a multitude of problems while away from home and, often, ...
Outcomes After Initial Receipt of Social Security Benefits Among Homeless Veterans With Mental Illness
Robert A. Rosenheck, David J. Dausey, Linda Frisman, and Wesley Kasprow
December 2000
This study examines the relationship between receiving disability payments and changes in health status, community adjustment, and subjective quality of life. The study evaluated outcomes among homeless mentally ill veterans who applied for Social Security Disability Insurance or Supplemental ...
